Lipid Lowering Potency of Phoenix dactylifera, Cyperus esculentus, Cocos nucifera Mixed Extract on Male Wistar Albino Rat Model

Background and Objective: Lipids and lipoproteins metabolism have been associated with cardiovascular diseases and their complications due to their ability to regulate blood cholesterol. This study evaluated the potential of the synergistic aqueous extract of Phoenix dactylifera, Cyperus esculentus and Cocos nucifera (STCD) commonly taken as a healthy drink in Nigeria on the lipid profile of male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Acute oral toxicity LD₅₀ of STCD extract was analyzed and interpreted according to OECDE (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) guidelines. Fifteen male albino rats were grouped into three groups with 5 rats in each group, control, 200 and 400 mg kg‾¹ STCD. The rats were administered STCD extract orally 24 hourly, for 21 days, with feed and water ad libitum. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected for lipid profile analysis using standard laboratory methods. One-way ANOVA and Turkey’s Test were performed. The p≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The LD₅₀ of STCD extract was ≥2404.2 mg kg‾¹ body weight, thus being non-toxic. The percentage of body weight difference increased significantly. The extract at 200 and 400 mg kg‾¹ caused a decrease in the serum TG, TC, VLDLC and LDLC levels, with the most effect at 200 mg kg‾¹. The administered concentrations were observed to cause a non-significant increase in the serum HDLC level in comparison to the control group at p≤0.05. Conclusion: The antilipidemic and anti-cholesterolaemic potency of the extract. This may hence be of advantage in the management and prophylaxis of lipid peroxidation and cardiovascular disorders.